This thematic brief seeks to understand the reasons for this situation and to identify actions that governments and employers’ and workers’ organizations could take to advance gender equality through social dialogue. To this end, the brief draws upon innovative experiences from different regions of the world. In particular, it looks at how social dialogue can deliver gender-equal outcomes in a range of different sectors, whether in the formal or the informal economy, and identifies the circumstances and factors that can help bring about transformative change. The brief concludes with some key recommendations for governments and employers’ and workers’ organizations.